Abstract In this article, we review the recent progress in surface atomic-layer superconductors on semiconductor substrates with Rashba/Zeeman-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC). After introduction of some of the basics of Rashba/Zeeman-type SOC and its effects on superconductivity, representative surface structures with relevant features are described in terms of their crystalline and electronic properties. This is followed by recent experimental studies that have revealed anomalous superconductin

Abstract Atmospheric plasma discharges are finding increased applications in addressing environmental challenges including water purification, chemical synthesis and biotechnology. An effective means of interfacing the reactivity of plasma gas discharges with liquids is needed to enhance liquid phase chemical reactions. Plasma discharges in bubbles has been considered as an innovative solution for achieving this goal potentially offering electrically driven, sustainable chemistry with low energ

Abstract An X-ray is the well-known probe to examine structure of materials, including our own bodies. The X-ray beam, especially at the wavelength of nanometers, has also become significant to directly investigate electronic states of a sample. Such an X-ray is called a soft X-ray and polarization dependence of the light-matter interaction further unveils the microscopic properties, such as orbitals or spins of electrons. Generation of high brilliant beams of the polarized X-ray has linked to

Abstract With the spread of accelerator-driven pulsed spallation neutron sources and increasing need for higher neutron fluxes, the high-power performance of proton accelerators has greatly advanced from a few kilowatts to more than 1 MW in the last four decades. The most important concerns to realize such a high-power beam operation are controlling and minimizing beam loss, which are essential for sustainable beam operation that allows hands-on maintenance. This paper reviews key devices and b

Abstract Neutrons have been used in a wide field of applications by using various neutron sources. Material science is one of the widest research fields. The activity is supported by nuclear research reactors and high-intensity spallation neutron sources based on a high-intensity proton accelerator. However, it is desired to perform a measurement when researchers want to do and to perform adventuresome experiments that have not yet confirmed its importance. Furthermore, trial and error measurem

Abstract There had been remarkable progress in developing third-generation electron storage rings as the main sources of very bright photon beams. Fourth-generation storage rings based on the multi-bend achromat lattice concept may be able to surpass the brightness and coherence that are attained using present third-generation storage rings. In this paper, we survey ongoing work around the world to develop concepts and designs for fourth-generation electron storage rings. Introduction High-brig

Abstract A middle-sensitivity scintillating fiber detector (hereafter middle Sci-Fi detector) that works at a deuterium-tritium neutron flux of ~105-107 cm−2s−1 was utilized to measure secondary deuterium-tritium neutron emission rates with high temporal resolution at a total neutron emission rate of 1013 to 1015 n/s, where strong magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities were observed in the large helical device deuterium plasma experiments. The gain and angular characteristics of the middle Sci

Abstract Nuclear astrophysics is an interdisciplinary research field of nuclear physics and astrophysics, seeking for the answer to a question, how to understand the evolution of the universe with the nuclear processes which we learn. We review the research activities of nuclear astrophysics in east and southeast Asia which includes astronomy, experimental and theoretical nuclear physics, and astrophysics. Several hot topics such as the Li problems, critical nuclear reactions and properties in

Abstract Gravitational waves provide a new probe of the Universe which can reveal a number of cosmological and astrophysical phenomena that cannot be observed by electromagnetic waves. Different frequencies of gravitational waves are detected by different means. Among them, precision measurements of pulsar timing provides a natural detector for gravitational waves with light-year scale wavelengths. In this review, first a basic framework to detect a stochastic gravitational wave background usin

Abstract Topology effects have being extensively studied and confirmed in strongly correlated condensed matter physics. In the limit of large number of colors, baryons can be regarded as topological objects—skyrmions—and the baryonic matter can be regarded as a skyrmion matter. We review in this paper the generalized effective field theory for dense compact-star matter constructed with the robust inputs obtained from the skyrmion approach to dense nuclear matter, relying on possible “emergent”

17th Italian-Korean Symposium for Relativistic Astrophysics by Stefano Scopel Stefano Scopel Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this year the 17th Italian-Korean Symposium for Relativistic Astrophysics was held from August 2 to 6 in a hybrid form: offline at Kunsan University, and online on Zoom. The Italian-Korean Symposium is one the longest-running programs between the Asian countries and Europe. It was initiated in 1987 in Hanyang University and has since been held every two years, with the site

2020/2021 Annual Meeting of Division of Gravity and Relativistic Astrophysics, Chinese Physical Society Xin Zhang The 2020/2021 Annual Meeting of Division of Gravity and Relativistic Astrophysics of the Chinese Physical Society was successfully held at Northeastern University in Shenyang, China, from April 23 to April 28, 2021. This meeting was organized by Northeastern University and co-organized by Peking University, Beijing Normal University, Chongqing University, Wuhan University, Lanzhou U

The Physical Society of Japan: 2nd (2021) Fumiko Yonezawa Memorial Prize JPS The late Fumiko Yonezawa, emeritus professor of Keio University, made major contributions to physics, such as the development of the coherent potential approximation, and the theory the of metal-insulator transition in liquid selenium. Prof. Yonezawa served as the first female president of the Physical Society of Japan (JPS) and, as the president of the Society for Women Scientists for a Bright Future, she also promote

The Australian Institute of Physics elects a new executive Kirrily Rule In February 2021, the Australian Institute of Physics elected their new National Executive team by unanimous vote. Stepping into the role of President of the AIP is Prof. Sven Rogge who is also the Pro Vice-Chancellor (Research) at the University of New South Wales, Sydney (UNSW). Sven’s research interest is in condensed matter physics, in particular quantum electronics, at the School of Physics. Sven works on quantum compu

The inaugural message from the newly elected president of KPS Tae-Won Noh As of January 1, 2021, Professor Tae Won Noh of Seoul National University began his 2-year term as the 29th president of the Korean Physical Society (KPS) Fig 6. The 29th executive body of the KPS is composed of, among others, the executive vice-president, Professor Intae Yu (Sungkyunkwan University); the secretary of general affairs, Professor Takhee Lee (Seoul National University); and the treasurer, Professor Baeho Par

AAPPS-DACG Workshop Misao Sasaki and Sang Pyo Kim The executive committee (EXCO) of the Division of Astrophysics, Cosmology and Gravitation (DACG) decided to organize a DACG Workshop on astrophysics, cosmology and gravitation, given that the global pandemic of coronavirus forced the Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA) Symposium 2020, sponsored by DACG, to be postponed to November 2021. Many researchers in the Asia Pacific region have been relatively isolated from outside universities or